Hur lång är lummelunda
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At least 83 different species of animals including worms, spiders, centipedes, crayfish, beetles, butterflies, fish, mice and bats, have been found in the cave. A nature reserve to protect the Lummelunda Cave, was established on 20 March The reserve is 17 ha 42 acres ; it includes the cave and the corresponding area above the ground and is called the Lummelunda Cave Nature Reserve Naturreservatet Lummelundagrottan.
Although the entrance of the cave has been known for centuries, the main part of it was discovered by three teenage boys during the s—50s.
After having explored the first hall of the cave for two years, a large block of stone fell from one of the walls, widening a small opening in the cliff. The first documented attempt to explore the cave was made in by zoologist Torsten Gislén, but he never got further than 40 m ft into the cave despite several later attempts. The stream was much larger and more forceful before the mire, once the largest on Gotland, was drained at the end of the 19th century.
The breakthrough in finding the cave system happened in , when three teenage boys, Lars Olsson, Örjan Håkansson and Percy Nilsson, known as "The Three Boys" De tre pojkarna , found an entrance to the rest of the cave.
When the surface water meets the groundwater , it starts to dissolve the limestone and widen the cracks into passages and halls. According to an undocumented litigation in , a mill was built at Lummelunda in The oldest reliable record is from , where three mills are listed at the stream. The cave is a karst cave, formed by surface water trickling down through cracks in the limestones of the Lower Visby Formation.
It is visited by around , people every year and is one of the major tourist attractions on Gotland. This led to a 20 m 66 ft long passage later called "The Boys' Passage", Pojkarnas gång into the first large cave hall, "The Hall of the Mountain King" Bergakungens sal. The cave itself has been known as long as the stream has been used.
The many visitors also have a negative effect on the biology of the cave. A bit further in is "The Chapel" Kapellet , named thus by the boys who thought it looked like a church, where their exploration was hindered by a lake. The water forms a stream with its outlet in the Baltic Sea. In the 15th to 19th centuries, mills and an ironwork were set up by the stream.
The stream has been used for industry since the Middle Ages. The Lummelunda Cave is mentioned in the cave investigation made by geologist and Gotlander Henrik Munthe, where it is called Kytt-Janns källare "Kytt-Jann's cellar". It was not until , that they managed to get another m ft further in, using an inflatable boat.
During dry summers there is an impending danger that the cave is completely drained. Carl Linnaeus wrote about the cave during his journey to Gotland in the summer of The part of the cave where the stream has its outlet, the Linné's Cave, is named after him.
The explored part of this karst cave is almost 4. In , a 60 m ft long tunnel [11] was made from the surface to "The Hall of the Mountain King" to make the cave more accessible to visitors. This has caused some of the sinkholes to disappear. After the draining of the mire the flow of water in the canal have decreased significantly, from 5.
Lummelunda Cave - Wikipedia
Since the plants are not a natural part of it, they are removed to keep the environment as original as possible. In the area west of the cliff there are five springs. A large number of fossils and stalactite formations can be found in the dry part. It is created by the drainage water from the Martebo mire.
The bottom of it is filled with water. The Lummelunda Cave is situated in Lummelunda, about 13 km 8. According to a source from , the temperature is on average 7 °C 45 °F and points out that fluctuations in temperature have been noticed as a result of the many visitors. The cave was most likely formed before the last ice age.
For seven years they explored the cave on Sundays using matches, candles, planks and a small boat to get deeper into the system. From onwards, this hall became the location for the start of the guided tours.
The water that creates it is drainage from the Martebo mire which is approximately 11 km 6. Most of the water runs as a stream, the Lummelundsån , through the north part of the cave system, exiting the limestone cliffs known as the Klint a few hundred meters from the coastline. The cave is roughly divided into two parts: one dry, also called the fossil system, and a wet, active part. A source from , states that the temperature is 8—12 °C 46—54 °F.